Hi Clockwork
I didnt read your code with much attention, but for starters if all you want is draw a triangle, check this tutorials I did https://bitbucket.org/joaodeusmorgado/opengltutorials
I'm using vbos, to draw triangles. I'm using all OpenGL native calls, but should be pretty easy to convert to Qt OpenGL functions. I also recommend you this book wich is great, it has a lot of details that usually are ommited in other books http://alfonse.bitbucket.org/oldtut/index.html